Encryption is a method of converting readable data, known as plaintext, into an unreadable format called ciphertext, to protect it from unauthorised access. This process ensures the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information. Only individuals with the correct decryption key can revert the data back to its original form.

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Encryption is widely used in many aspects of cyber security, from securing communications over the internet to protecting stored data. There are two main types: symmetric encryption, where the same key is used for both encryption and decryption, and asymmetric encryption, where a pair of public and private keys is used.

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